When to plant · 90 cities · zones 7a–10a
When to plant peppers in Texas
Start Jalapeño seeds indoors around Jan 13 and transplant around Mar 17 — the Texas statewide median, counted from a last spring frost of Mar 10 across 1,989 ZIP codes and 439 NOAA stations.
The rule: Eight weeks indoors on a heat mat (ten for habanero), then transplant one to two weeks after the last frost, once nights hold above 50 °F.
Texas peppers, by cultivar
Statewide median last frost Mar 10, first fall frost Nov 20, 2027 season. Each cultivar's own indoor lead time and days to maturity, same engine as the Plan Builder.
| Cultivar | Start indoors | Plant out | First harvest | Days |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JalapeñoEarly Jalapeño (Capsicum annuum) | Jan 13 | Mar 17 | May 31 | 75 from transplant |
| CayenneLong Slim Cayenne (Capsicum annuum) | Jan 13 | Mar 17 | May 31 | 75 from transplant |
| SerranoSerrano Tampiqueño (Capsicum annuum) | Jan 13 | Mar 17 | Jun 5 | 80 from transplant |
| Marconi Red PepperMarconi Red (Capsicum annuum) | Jan 13 | Mar 17 | Jun 5 | 80 from transplant |
| HabaneroOrange Habanero (Capsicum chinense) | Dec 30 | Mar 24 | Jun 27 | 95 from transplant |
Tight means first harvest lands within two weeks of the median first fall frost. Statewide dates are the ZIP-weighted median of every NOAA 1991–2020 station Texas's ZIP codes resolve to.
Peppers in Texas, city by city
Jalapeño, scheduled from each city's nearest NOAA station — the same dates as its frost page.
| City | Last frost | Start indoors | Plant out | First harvest |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Houstonzone 9b | Feb 2 | Dec 8 | Feb 9 | Apr 25 |
| San Antoniozone 9a | Feb 25 | Dec 31 | Mar 4 | May 18 |
| Dallaszone 8b | Mar 2 | Jan 5 | Mar 9 | May 23 |
| Fort Worthzone 8b | Mar 5 | Jan 8 | Mar 12 | May 26 |
| Austinzone 9a | Feb 20 | Dec 26 | Feb 27 | May 13 |
| El Pasozone 8b | Mar 2 | Jan 5 | Mar 9 | May 23 |
| Arlingtonzone 8b | Mar 9 | Jan 12 | Mar 16 | May 30 |
| Corpus Christizone 10a | Jan 16 | Nov 21 | Jan 23 | Apr 8 |
| Planozone 8b | Mar 7 | Jan 10 | Mar 14 | May 28 |
| Lubbockzone 7b | Apr 4 | Feb 7 | Apr 11 | Jun 25 |
| Laredozone 9b | Jan 25 | Nov 30 | Feb 1 | Apr 17 |
| Irvingzone 8b | Mar 8 | Jan 11 | Mar 15 | May 29 |
| Garlandzone 8b | Mar 7 | Jan 10 | Mar 14 | May 28 |
| Friscozone 8b | Mar 7 | Jan 10 | Mar 14 | May 28 |
| McKinneyzone 8b | Mar 17 | Jan 20 | Mar 24 | Jun 7 |
| Grand Prairiezone 8b | Mar 20 | Jan 23 | Mar 27 | Jun 10 |
| Amarillozone 7a | Apr 13 | Feb 16 | Apr 20 | Jul 4 |
| Brownsvillezone 10a | Jan 6 | Nov 11 | Jan 13 | Mar 29 |
| Dentonzone 8a | Mar 13 | Jan 16 | Mar 20 | Jun 3 |
| Killeenzone 8b | Mar 14 | Jan 17 | Mar 21 | Jun 4 |
| Mesquitezone 8b | Mar 2 | Jan 5 | Mar 9 | May 23 |
| Pasadenazone 9b | Jan 30 | Dec 5 | Feb 6 | Apr 22 |
| McAllenzone 10a | Jan 9 | Nov 14 | Jan 16 | Apr 1 |
| Wacozone 8b | Mar 9 | Jan 12 | Mar 16 | May 30 |
| Midlandzone 8b | Mar 26 | Jan 29 | Apr 2 | Jun 16 |
| Lewisvillezone 8b | Mar 14 | Jan 17 | Mar 21 | Jun 4 |
| Carrolltonzone 8b | Mar 7 | Jan 10 | Mar 14 | May 28 |
| Round Rockzone 9a | Mar 11 | Jan 14 | Mar 18 | Jun 1 |
| Abilenezone 8a | Mar 20 | Jan 23 | Mar 27 | Jun 10 |
| Pearlandzone 9b | Jan 31 | Dec 6 | Feb 7 | Apr 23 |
| College Stationzone 9a | Feb 27 | Jan 2 | Mar 6 | May 20 |
| Odessazone 8b | Mar 15 | Jan 18 | Mar 22 | Jun 5 |
| League Cityzone 9b | Jan 31 | Dec 6 | Feb 7 | Apr 23 |
| Richardsonzone 8b | Mar 7 | Jan 10 | Mar 14 | May 28 |
| New Braunfelszone 9a | Feb 25 | Dec 31 | Mar 4 | May 18 |
| Conroezone 9a | Feb 24 | Dec 30 | Mar 3 | May 17 |
| Allenzone 8b | Mar 18 | Jan 21 | Mar 25 | Jun 8 |
| Beaumontzone 9b | Feb 14 | Dec 20 | Feb 21 | May 7 |
| Tylerzone 8b | Mar 7 | Jan 10 | Mar 14 | May 28 |
| Sugar Landzone 9b | Feb 9 | Dec 15 | Feb 16 | May 2 |
| Edinburgzone 10a | Jan 8 | Nov 13 | Jan 15 | Mar 31 |
| Wichita Fallszone 8a | Mar 26 | Jan 29 | Apr 2 | Jun 16 |
| Georgetownzone 9a | Mar 6 | Jan 9 | Mar 13 | May 27 |
| San Angelozone 8a | Mar 20 | Jan 23 | Mar 27 | Jun 10 |
| Templezone 8b | Mar 14 | Jan 17 | Mar 21 | Jun 4 |
| Bryanzone 9a | Feb 27 | Jan 2 | Mar 6 | May 20 |
| Missionzone 10a | Jan 9 | Nov 14 | Jan 16 | Apr 1 |
| Leanderzone 9a | Mar 2 | Jan 5 | Mar 9 | May 23 |
| Baytownzone 9b | Feb 20 | Dec 26 | Feb 27 | May 13 |
| Longviewzone 8b | Mar 7 | Jan 10 | Mar 14 | May 28 |
| Pharrzone 10a | Jan 9 | Nov 14 | Jan 16 | Apr 1 |
| Mansfieldzone 8b | Mar 9 | Jan 12 | Mar 16 | May 30 |
| Flower Moundzone 8b | Mar 14 | Jan 17 | Mar 21 | Jun 4 |
| Missouri Cityzone 9b | Feb 15 | Dec 21 | Feb 22 | May 8 |
| Cedar Parkzone 9a | Mar 11 | Jan 14 | Mar 18 | Jun 1 |
| San Marcoszone 9a | Feb 28 | Jan 3 | Mar 7 | May 21 |
| Harlingenzone 10a | Jan 9 | Nov 14 | Jan 16 | Apr 1 |
| North Richland Hillszone 8b | Mar 10 | Jan 13 | Mar 17 | May 31 |
| Rowlettzone 8b | Mar 10 | Jan 13 | Mar 17 | May 31 |
| Pflugervillezone 9a | Mar 11 | Jan 14 | Mar 18 | Jun 1 |
| Victoriazone 9b | Feb 14 | Dec 20 | Feb 21 | May 7 |
| Kylezone 9a | Feb 28 | Jan 3 | Mar 7 | May 21 |
| Wyliezone 8b | Mar 10 | Jan 13 | Mar 17 | May 31 |
| Little Elmzone 8b | Mar 13 | Jan 16 | Mar 20 | Jun 3 |
| Eulesszone 8b | Mar 8 | Jan 11 | Mar 15 | May 29 |
| Texas Cityzone 10a | Jan 18 | Nov 23 | Jan 25 | Apr 10 |
| DeSotozone 8b | Mar 6 | Jan 9 | Mar 13 | May 27 |
| Burlesonzone 8b | Mar 21 | Jan 24 | Mar 28 | Jun 11 |
| Port Arthurzone 9b | Feb 14 | Dec 20 | Feb 21 | May 7 |
| Fulshearzone 9a | Feb 28 | Jan 3 | Mar 7 | May 21 |
| Rockwallzone 8b | Mar 10 | Jan 13 | Mar 17 | May 31 |
| Galvestonzone 10a | Jan 18 | Nov 23 | Jan 25 | Apr 10 |
| Celinazone 8b | Mar 17 | Jan 20 | Mar 24 | Jun 7 |
| Grapevinezone 8b | Mar 14 | Jan 17 | Mar 21 | Jun 4 |
| Shermanzone 8a | Mar 14 | Jan 17 | Mar 21 | Jun 4 |
| Cedar Hillzone 8b | Mar 20 | Jan 23 | Mar 27 | Jun 10 |
| Huntsvillezone 9a | Mar 1 | Jan 4 | Mar 8 | May 22 |
| Bedfordzone 8b | Mar 8 | Jan 11 | Mar 15 | May 29 |
| Waxahachiezone 8b | Mar 16 | Jan 19 | Mar 23 | Jun 6 |
| Kellerzone 8b | Mar 12 | Jan 15 | Mar 19 | Jun 2 |
| The Colonyzone 8b | Mar 7 | Jan 10 | Mar 14 | May 28 |
| Haltom Cityzone 8b | Mar 10 | Jan 13 | Mar 17 | May 31 |
| Prosperzone 8b | Mar 17 | Jan 20 | Mar 24 | Jun 7 |
| Schertzzone 9a | Mar 8 | Jan 11 | Mar 15 | May 29 |
| Midlothianzone 8b | Mar 16 | Jan 19 | Mar 23 | Jun 6 |
| Weslacozone 10a | Jan 8 | Nov 13 | Jan 15 | Mar 31 |
| Huttozone 9a | Mar 8 | Jan 11 | Mar 15 | May 29 |
| Rosenbergzone 9a | Feb 9 | Dec 15 | Feb 16 | May 2 |
| Coppellzone 8b | Mar 14 | Jan 17 | Mar 21 | Jun 4 |
| Friendswoodzone 9b | Jan 31 | Dec 6 | Feb 7 | Apr 23 |
What these peppers become
What Texas peppers need
Jalapeño Pepper Seed
The one you smoke into chipotle. Left on the plant to red and corked, then cold-smoked, a jalapeño stops being a taco garnish and becomes the backbone of an adobo.
Organic Cayenne (Long Slim) Seed
The long, thin, wall-thin cayenne that dries in a week and grinds to a clean red powder. If you want flakes and powder as well as sauce, this is the plant that does both.
Serrano Pepper Seed
Cleaner and greener than a jalapeño at roughly three times the heat. The correct chile for salsa verde and zhoug, where you want brightness rather than smoke.
Marconi Red Sweet Pepper Seed
A long Italian sweet pepper that roasts and peels far better than a bell. Romesco and any red-pepper paste wants this, not a supermarket bell.
Habanero Orange Pepper SeedMust have
The workhorse superhot for sauce: 100,000–350,000 SHU with a genuine apricot-floral top note that survives fermentation. Nothing else in this range tastes like fruit instead of pure burn.
Organic Seed Starter Potting MixMust have
Seed-starting mix is not potting soil with a nicer label — it is finer, lighter, and low in nutrients on purpose, because a seedling's first roots want air and moisture, not fertiliser.
Seedling Heat Mat + Digital ThermostatMust have
Peppers germinate on soil temperature, not air temperature. At 65 °F a habanero takes a month and half of them rot; at 85 °F it is up in eight days. The thermostat is the half that matters.
T8 Full-Spectrum Grow Lights, 1 ft 4-packMust have
A south window in March delivers a fraction of the light a pepper seedling needs, and the plant tells you by stretching. Two inches of LED above the canopy for 16 hours a day fixes it permanently.
72-Cell Trays with 1020 Bottoms, 5-PackMust have
The cheap black nursery trays crack after one season and flex enough to break roots when you lift them. These do not. Over five seasons the price per use is lower than the throwaways.
5-Gallon Fabric Grow Bags, 5-Pack
Fabric pots air-prune roots and drain faster than a plastic pot can, which is the entire reason container tomatoes fail. Five gallons is the honest minimum for a pepper; a tomato wants ten.
Ocean Forest Potting SoilMust have
Pre-charged with enough nutrition to carry a transplant for its first month without feeding, which is exactly the window when most container plants stall.
Organic Tomato-Tone 3-4-6 with 8% CalciumMust have
The NPK ratio is the point: low nitrogen, higher potassium. Feed a tomato a high-nitrogen lawn fertiliser and you get a magnificent six-foot plant with four tomatoes on it.
Rot-Stop Blossom End Rot Concentrate
Blossom end rot is almost never a soil calcium shortage — it is a calcium *transport* failure caused by inconsistent water. A foliar calcium spray buys time while you fix the watering, which is the real cure.
6" Micro-Tip Pruning SnipsMust have
Ninety percent of sauce-garden cutting is snipping a pepper stem or a basil node, and a fine-tipped snip does it better than any pruner. Pulling peppers by hand tears the branch.
Nitrile Exam Gloves, 200 pcs, food-safeMust have
Capsaicin is oil-soluble and does not wash off with soap. Seeding a pound of habaneros bare-handed means eight hours of burning hands and one unforgettable mistake involving your own eye.
Pellet Smoker Tube, 12", Set of 2
Chipotle is nothing but a red jalapeño that has been cold-smoked for hours. A pellet tube turns any covered grill into a cold smoker for eighteen dollars.
Food Dehydrator, 6 Stainless Trays
Sun-drying chiles works in Oaxaca and fails in Ohio — humidity lets mould win the race. Controlled 125 °F airflow dries a full cayenne harvest overnight, every time.
One-Touch Coffee & Spice Grinder
Dried cayenne into powder in fifteen seconds. Dedicate one to chiles — grind coffee in it afterwards and you will find out exactly how well capsaicin sticks to plastic.
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Peppers in Texas: questions
When should I plant peppers in Texas?
Transplant around Mar 17 at the statewide median; across the state that date runs from Feb 9 in the warmest tenth of Texas's ZIP codes to Apr 9 in the coldest. To cut the freeze risk to one year in ten, count from Mar 31 instead of the median last frost. Use the city table for your own town.
When do I start peppers seeds indoors in Texas?
Around Jan 13 for Jalapeño: 8 weeks before the statewide median last frost, on soil held at 75–85 °F.
When is the last frost in Texas?
The ZIP-weighted median of NOAA 1991–2020 station medians is Mar 10. In the warmest tenth of Texas's ZIP codes the median last frost falls on or before Feb 2; in the coldest tenth, on or after Apr 2.
When will Texas peppers be ready to harvest?
Jalapeño planted on the statewide date is ready around May 31: 75 days from transplant.
More for Texas
- When to plant tomatoes
- When to plant tomatillos
- When to plant basil
- When to plant cilantro
- When to plant carrots
- When to plant mustard greens
Peppers in every state → · Texas frost dates → · How frost-date math works →