When to plant · 90 cities · zones 7a–10a

When to plant peppers in Texas

Start Jalapeño seeds indoors around Jan 13 and transplant around Mar 17 — the Texas statewide median, counted from a last spring frost of Mar 10 across 1,989 ZIP codes and 439 NOAA stations.

Jan 13Start indoors8 weeks before last frost
Mar 17Plant outFeb 9 – Apr 9 across the state
Mar 10Last spring frostmedian · 1 in 10 years after Mar 31
May 31First harvest75 days from transplant

The rule: Eight weeks indoors on a heat mat (ten for habanero), then transplant one to two weeks after the last frost, once nights hold above 50 °F.

Texas peppers, by cultivar

Statewide median last frost Mar 10, first fall frost Nov 20, 2027 season. Each cultivar's own indoor lead time and days to maturity, same engine as the Plan Builder.

CultivarStart indoorsPlant outFirst harvestDays
JalapeñoEarly Jalapeño (Capsicum annuum)Jan 13Mar 17May 3175 from transplant
CayenneLong Slim Cayenne (Capsicum annuum)Jan 13Mar 17May 3175 from transplant
SerranoSerrano Tampiqueño (Capsicum annuum)Jan 13Mar 17Jun 580 from transplant
Marconi Red PepperMarconi Red (Capsicum annuum)Jan 13Mar 17Jun 580 from transplant
HabaneroOrange Habanero (Capsicum chinense)Dec 30Mar 24Jun 2795 from transplant

Tight means first harvest lands within two weeks of the median first fall frost. Statewide dates are the ZIP-weighted median of every NOAA 1991–2020 station Texas's ZIP codes resolve to.

Peppers in Texas, city by city

Jalapeño, scheduled from each city's nearest NOAA station — the same dates as its frost page.

CityLast frostStart indoorsPlant outFirst harvest
Houstonzone 9bFeb 2Dec 8Feb 9Apr 25
San Antoniozone 9aFeb 25Dec 31Mar 4May 18
Dallaszone 8bMar 2Jan 5Mar 9May 23
Fort Worthzone 8bMar 5Jan 8Mar 12May 26
Austinzone 9aFeb 20Dec 26Feb 27May 13
El Pasozone 8bMar 2Jan 5Mar 9May 23
Arlingtonzone 8bMar 9Jan 12Mar 16May 30
Corpus Christizone 10aJan 16Nov 21Jan 23Apr 8
Planozone 8bMar 7Jan 10Mar 14May 28
Lubbockzone 7bApr 4Feb 7Apr 11Jun 25
Laredozone 9bJan 25Nov 30Feb 1Apr 17
Irvingzone 8bMar 8Jan 11Mar 15May 29
Garlandzone 8bMar 7Jan 10Mar 14May 28
Friscozone 8bMar 7Jan 10Mar 14May 28
McKinneyzone 8bMar 17Jan 20Mar 24Jun 7
Grand Prairiezone 8bMar 20Jan 23Mar 27Jun 10
Amarillozone 7aApr 13Feb 16Apr 20Jul 4
Brownsvillezone 10aJan 6Nov 11Jan 13Mar 29
Dentonzone 8aMar 13Jan 16Mar 20Jun 3
Killeenzone 8bMar 14Jan 17Mar 21Jun 4
Mesquitezone 8bMar 2Jan 5Mar 9May 23
Pasadenazone 9bJan 30Dec 5Feb 6Apr 22
McAllenzone 10aJan 9Nov 14Jan 16Apr 1
Wacozone 8bMar 9Jan 12Mar 16May 30
Midlandzone 8bMar 26Jan 29Apr 2Jun 16
Lewisvillezone 8bMar 14Jan 17Mar 21Jun 4
Carrolltonzone 8bMar 7Jan 10Mar 14May 28
Round Rockzone 9aMar 11Jan 14Mar 18Jun 1
Abilenezone 8aMar 20Jan 23Mar 27Jun 10
Pearlandzone 9bJan 31Dec 6Feb 7Apr 23
College Stationzone 9aFeb 27Jan 2Mar 6May 20
Odessazone 8bMar 15Jan 18Mar 22Jun 5
League Cityzone 9bJan 31Dec 6Feb 7Apr 23
Richardsonzone 8bMar 7Jan 10Mar 14May 28
New Braunfelszone 9aFeb 25Dec 31Mar 4May 18
Conroezone 9aFeb 24Dec 30Mar 3May 17
Allenzone 8bMar 18Jan 21Mar 25Jun 8
Beaumontzone 9bFeb 14Dec 20Feb 21May 7
Tylerzone 8bMar 7Jan 10Mar 14May 28
Sugar Landzone 9bFeb 9Dec 15Feb 16May 2
Edinburgzone 10aJan 8Nov 13Jan 15Mar 31
Wichita Fallszone 8aMar 26Jan 29Apr 2Jun 16
Georgetownzone 9aMar 6Jan 9Mar 13May 27
San Angelozone 8aMar 20Jan 23Mar 27Jun 10
Templezone 8bMar 14Jan 17Mar 21Jun 4
Bryanzone 9aFeb 27Jan 2Mar 6May 20
Missionzone 10aJan 9Nov 14Jan 16Apr 1
Leanderzone 9aMar 2Jan 5Mar 9May 23
Baytownzone 9bFeb 20Dec 26Feb 27May 13
Longviewzone 8bMar 7Jan 10Mar 14May 28
Pharrzone 10aJan 9Nov 14Jan 16Apr 1
Mansfieldzone 8bMar 9Jan 12Mar 16May 30
Flower Moundzone 8bMar 14Jan 17Mar 21Jun 4
Missouri Cityzone 9bFeb 15Dec 21Feb 22May 8
Cedar Parkzone 9aMar 11Jan 14Mar 18Jun 1
San Marcoszone 9aFeb 28Jan 3Mar 7May 21
Harlingenzone 10aJan 9Nov 14Jan 16Apr 1
North Richland Hillszone 8bMar 10Jan 13Mar 17May 31
Rowlettzone 8bMar 10Jan 13Mar 17May 31
Pflugervillezone 9aMar 11Jan 14Mar 18Jun 1
Victoriazone 9bFeb 14Dec 20Feb 21May 7
Kylezone 9aFeb 28Jan 3Mar 7May 21
Wyliezone 8bMar 10Jan 13Mar 17May 31
Little Elmzone 8bMar 13Jan 16Mar 20Jun 3
Eulesszone 8bMar 8Jan 11Mar 15May 29
Texas Cityzone 10aJan 18Nov 23Jan 25Apr 10
DeSotozone 8bMar 6Jan 9Mar 13May 27
Burlesonzone 8bMar 21Jan 24Mar 28Jun 11
Port Arthurzone 9bFeb 14Dec 20Feb 21May 7
Fulshearzone 9aFeb 28Jan 3Mar 7May 21
Rockwallzone 8bMar 10Jan 13Mar 17May 31
Galvestonzone 10aJan 18Nov 23Jan 25Apr 10
Celinazone 8bMar 17Jan 20Mar 24Jun 7
Grapevinezone 8bMar 14Jan 17Mar 21Jun 4
Shermanzone 8aMar 14Jan 17Mar 21Jun 4
Cedar Hillzone 8bMar 20Jan 23Mar 27Jun 10
Huntsvillezone 9aMar 1Jan 4Mar 8May 22
Bedfordzone 8bMar 8Jan 11Mar 15May 29
Waxahachiezone 8bMar 16Jan 19Mar 23Jun 6
Kellerzone 8bMar 12Jan 15Mar 19Jun 2
The Colonyzone 8bMar 7Jan 10Mar 14May 28
Haltom Cityzone 8bMar 10Jan 13Mar 17May 31
Prosperzone 8bMar 17Jan 20Mar 24Jun 7
Schertzzone 9aMar 8Jan 11Mar 15May 29
Midlothianzone 8bMar 16Jan 19Mar 23Jun 6
Weslacozone 10aJan 8Nov 13Jan 15Mar 31
Huttozone 9aMar 8Jan 11Mar 15May 29
Rosenbergzone 9aFeb 9Dec 15Feb 16May 2
Coppellzone 8bMar 14Jan 17Mar 21Jun 4
Friendswoodzone 9bJan 31Dec 6Feb 7Apr 23

What Texas peppers need

SeedsThe cultivar decides the sauce. Everything downstream is damage control.
  • Jalapeño Pepper Seed

    The one you smoke into chipotle. Left on the plant to red and corked, then cold-smoked, a jalapeño stops being a taco garnish and becomes the backbone of an adobo.

  • Organic Cayenne (Long Slim) Seed

    The long, thin, wall-thin cayenne that dries in a week and grinds to a clean red powder. If you want flakes and powder as well as sauce, this is the plant that does both.

  • Serrano Pepper Seed

    Cleaner and greener than a jalapeño at roughly three times the heat. The correct chile for salsa verde and zhoug, where you want brightness rather than smoke.

  • Marconi Red Sweet Pepper Seed

    A long Italian sweet pepper that roasts and peels far better than a bell. Romesco and any red-pepper paste wants this, not a supermarket bell.

  • Habanero Orange Pepper SeedMust have

    The workhorse superhot for sauce: 100,000–350,000 SHU with a genuine apricot-floral top note that survives fermentation. Nothing else in this range tastes like fruit instead of pure burn.

StartSoil temperature and light intensity, indoors, weeks before your frost date.
  • Organic Seed Starter Potting MixMust have

    Seed-starting mix is not potting soil with a nicer label — it is finer, lighter, and low in nutrients on purpose, because a seedling's first roots want air and moisture, not fertiliser.

  • Seedling Heat Mat + Digital ThermostatMust have

    Peppers germinate on soil temperature, not air temperature. At 65 °F a habanero takes a month and half of them rot; at 85 °F it is up in eight days. The thermostat is the half that matters.

  • T8 Full-Spectrum Grow Lights, 1 ft 4-packMust have

    A south window in March delivers a fraction of the light a pepper seedling needs, and the plant tells you by stretching. Two inches of LED above the canopy for 16 hours a day fixes it permanently.

  • 72-Cell Trays with 1020 Bottoms, 5-PackMust have

    The cheap black nursery trays crack after one season and flex enough to break roots when you lift them. These do not. Over five seasons the price per use is lower than the throwaways.

GrowRoot volume, nutrition and structure. Where most home crops actually fail.
  • 5-Gallon Fabric Grow Bags, 5-Pack

    Fabric pots air-prune roots and drain faster than a plastic pot can, which is the entire reason container tomatoes fail. Five gallons is the honest minimum for a pepper; a tomato wants ten.

  • Ocean Forest Potting SoilMust have

    Pre-charged with enough nutrition to carry a transplant for its first month without feeding, which is exactly the window when most container plants stall.

  • Organic Tomato-Tone 3-4-6 with 8% CalciumMust have

    The NPK ratio is the point: low nitrogen, higher potassium. Feed a tomato a high-nitrogen lawn fertiliser and you get a magnificent six-foot plant with four tomatoes on it.

  • Rot-Stop Blossom End Rot Concentrate

    Blossom end rot is almost never a soil calcium shortage — it is a calcium *transport* failure caused by inconsistent water. A foliar calcium spray buys time while you fix the watering, which is the real cure.

HarvestTiming, handling, and weighing what you actually got.
  • 6" Micro-Tip Pruning SnipsMust have

    Ninety percent of sauce-garden cutting is snipping a pepper stem or a basil node, and a fine-tipped snip does it better than any pruner. Pulling peppers by hand tears the branch.

  • Nitrile Exam Gloves, 200 pcs, food-safeMust have

    Capsaicin is oil-soluble and does not wash off with soap. Seeding a pound of habaneros bare-handed means eight hours of burning hands and one unforgettable mistake involving your own eye.

CookReduction, texture, and the non-reactive pans that keep tomato tasting like tomato.
  • Pellet Smoker Tube, 12", Set of 2

    Chipotle is nothing but a red jalapeño that has been cold-smoked for hours. A pellet tube turns any covered grill into a cold smoker for eighteen dollars.

  • Food Dehydrator, 6 Stainless Trays

    Sun-drying chiles works in Oaxaca and fails in Ohio — humidity lets mould win the race. Controlled 125 °F airflow dries a full cayenne harvest overnight, every time.

  • One-Touch Coffee & Spice Grinder

    Dried cayenne into powder in fifteen seconds. Dedicate one to chiles — grind coffee in it afterwards and you will find out exactly how well capsaicin sticks to plastic.

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Peppers in Texas: questions

When should I plant peppers in Texas?

Transplant around Mar 17 at the statewide median; across the state that date runs from Feb 9 in the warmest tenth of Texas's ZIP codes to Apr 9 in the coldest. To cut the freeze risk to one year in ten, count from Mar 31 instead of the median last frost. Use the city table for your own town.

When do I start peppers seeds indoors in Texas?

Around Jan 13 for Jalapeño: 8 weeks before the statewide median last frost, on soil held at 75–85 °F.

When is the last frost in Texas?

The ZIP-weighted median of NOAA 1991–2020 station medians is Mar 10. In the warmest tenth of Texas's ZIP codes the median last frost falls on or before Feb 2; in the coldest tenth, on or after Apr 2.

When will Texas peppers be ready to harvest?

Jalapeño planted on the statewide date is ready around May 31: 75 days from transplant.

More for Texas

Peppers in every state → · Texas frost dates → · How frost-date math works →